{"id":432,"date":"2019-02-26T22:10:21","date_gmt":"2019-02-26T22:10:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.axiumglobal.com\/dev\/?post_type=articles&p=432"},"modified":"2024-08-29T17:20:37","modified_gmt":"2024-08-29T11:50:37","slug":"planning-documentation-for-hospital-fire-design","status":"publish","type":"articles","link":"https:\/\/axiumglobal.com\/test\/dev\/articles\/planning-documentation-for-hospital-fire-design","title":{"rendered":"Planning & Documentation for Hospital Fire Design"},"content":{"rendered":"

With regular technological advances in medical science and the resulting addition of various equipment to healthcare facilities, hospital design has had to adapt. Paying careful attention to fire systems design in hospitals becomes crucial, and that involves precise knowledge of potential hazards in hospital premises and the codes and documentation governing fire systems design. Fire design services providers need to be thorough in both aspects. <\/p>\n

There are some parts of hospitals that have a higher risk of fire. These areas need special treatment. They should be well segregated from the other parts of the hospital and have dedicated fire suppression systems, such as wet chemical systems in kitchen hoods, powder extinguishing systems protecting gasoline burners in boiler rooms, gas extinguishing systems on power generators, etc. High-risk locations on hospital premises include:<\/p>\n

Laboratories<\/h5>\n

Expensive equipment in laboratories and clinical diagnostics in modern hospitals are at high risk of being damaged in fires. Fires can start with heated up strip conductors and cables or by the careless handling of chemical substances. Water used on this kind of equipment may cause permanent damage. Patients would be adversely affected and would miss out on critical treatment and diagnostic procedures. Therefore, non-toxic gases, such as argon and nitrogen, can be used to extinguish fires in such areas without leaving any residue.<\/p>\n

Operating Theatres, Treatment Rooms<\/h5>\n

It is possible for short circuits in the complex medical equipment of operating theatres and treatment rooms to start fires. Equipment such as these could malfunction and affect patient lives.<\/p>\n

Cable Rooms and Galleries<\/h5>\n

Hospitals require many cables, either for power supply or data transmission. These cables are routed along ducts and are collected in cable rooms or galleries. When these cables overheat, the overheated insulation may lead to short circuits, resulting in great loss to electrical installations and possibly entire departments.<\/p>\n

Vital hospital areas, services and functions can be adversely affected, and the traditional extinguishing methods may not be effective in stopping the spread of the fire.
\nSmoke detectors, smoke suction systems and heat detectors can be used to detect fire in curving, difficult to access cable channels. Low\u2013pressure water mist systems can be effective for existing and new cable channels.<\/p>\n

Waste Disposal Areas<\/h5>\n

Hospitals generate a sizeable amount of organic and inorganic waste daily. Waste which is not separated properly is in danger of igniting. This can be monitored by an automatic extinguishing system. Sprinklers and water sprays with open nozzles are some of the options that can be used on chemical material.<\/p>\n

Key Hospital Areas that Need Firefighting Solutions<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
    \n
  • Operating Theatres<\/li>\n
  • Canteens<\/li>\n
  • Patient Rooms<\/li>\n
  • Car Parks<\/li>\n
  • Staff Facilities Rooms<\/li>\n
  • Laundry Rooms<\/li>\n
  • Offices<\/li>\n
  • Archives<\/li>\n
  • Server Rooms<\/li>\n
  • Pharmacy\/Shops<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
    \n
    \n
      \n
    • Glass Corridors <\/li>\n
    • Storage Areas<\/li>\n
    • Consultation Rooms<\/li>\n
    • Underground Ambulance Areas<\/li>\n
    • Highly Sensitive Equipment Rooms<\/li>\n
    • Reception Areas <\/li>\n
    • Kitchens & Ducts <\/li>\n
    • Emergency Generator Rooms <\/li>\n
    • Corridors<\/li>\n
    • Lobbies & Waiting Rooms <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
      Areas with Heat-producing Appliances<\/h5>\n
      \n
      \n
      \n
      \n
        \n
      • Boiler rooms <\/li>\n
      • Kitchens <\/li>\n
      • Incinerator rooms <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
        \n
        \n
          \n
        • Generator rooms <\/li>\n
        • Laundries <\/li>\n
        • Autoclave rooms <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
          Areas with High Fire Load<\/h5>\n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n
            \n
          • Employee locker rooms <\/li>\n
          • Gift shops (larger than 50 sq.m.) <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
            \n
            \n
              \n
            • Laboratories <\/li>\n
            • Car parking areas <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

              Since fire systems design is crucial for the effective functioning of the hospital premises, the design documentation has to be near perfect. Fire systems engineers, MEP designers and HVAC mechanical engineering consultants must anticipate conditions for fire, plan clear exits and plan for effective fire suppression systems. This takes specialised skill and expertise. The documentation that is produced is not only used for manufacture and installation of equipment, but also for maintenance and facilities management purposes. The various plans and documents produced by the fire design engineer are discussed below.<\/p>\n

              Documents Required for Fire Systems Design<\/p>\n

              Fire Safety Master Plan<\/h5>\n

              This plan details fire safety data integrated in the building. Ideally, all fire risks, codes, standards, regulations and mitigation measures are included.<\/p>\n

              Topics covered should include:<\/h5>\n
              \n
              \n
              \n
              \n
                \n
              • Fire prevention <\/li>\n
              • Fire suppression and control <\/li>\n
              • Means of egress <\/li>\n
              • Emergency response plan <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
                \n
                \n
                  \n
                • Detection and alarm systems <\/li>\n
                • Operation and maintenance <\/li>\n
                • Compartments <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

                  Regular updates are required for the plan that should take into account significant building changes, modifications and alterations. Additional fire safety procedures may be necessary.<\/p>\n

                  Fire Safety Design Documentation<\/h5>\n

                  Additional detailed information on installed fire systems must be part of this documentation, such as:<\/p>\n

                  \n
                  \n
                  \n
                  \n
                    \n
                  • As-built systems plans <\/li>\n
                  • Supplier list <\/li>\n
                  • Calculations of verifications <\/li>\n
                  • System certificates <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
                    \n
                    \n
                      \n
                    • Components\u2019 data sheets <\/li>\n
                    • Design documentation of fire safety <\/li>\n
                    • Spare parts list <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
                      Emergency Response Plans<\/h5>\n

                      This plan entails staff responsibilities in case of a fire. Hospital patients are in various levels of physical disability and transporting them out of the healthcare facility may be extremely difficult. As patients who cannot move or move with difficulty are most vulnerable to the effects of a fire, the emergency response plan focuses on them first and how to distance them from the fire. Secondly, evaluations must be conducted to determine if further evacuation is required.<\/p>\n

                      These plans should detail:<\/h5>\n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                        \n
                      • Alarms <\/li>\n
                      • Alarm transmission to fire department <\/li>\n
                      • Emergency call to fire department <\/li>\n
                      • Response to alarms <\/li>\n
                      • Isolation of fire <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
                        \n
                        \n
                          \n
                        • Evacuation of immediate area <\/li>\n
                        • Evacuation of safe refuge area <\/li>\n
                        • Preparation of floors for evacuation <\/li>\n
                        • Fire extinguishment <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":2878,"template":"","format":"standard","categories":[9,11],"class_list":["post-432","articles","type-articles","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","category-engineering"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPlanning & Documentation for Hospital Fire Design - Axium Global<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Overseas firms can deliver high-quality electrical design services and hydraulics and plumbing design services to manage projects within budget.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/axiumglobal.com\/test\/dev\/articles\/planning-documentation-for-hospital-fire-design\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Planning & Documentation for Hospital Fire Design\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Overseas firms can deliver high-quality electrical design services and hydraulics and plumbing design services to manage projects within budget.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/axiumglobal.com\/test\/dev\/articles\/planning-documentation-for-hospital-fire-design\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Axium Global\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/axiumglobal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-08-29T11:50:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/axiumglobal.com\/test\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Planning__Documentation_for_Hospital_Fire_Design.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"720\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"375\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@axiumglobal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/axiumglobal.com\\\/test\\\/dev\\\/articles\\\/planning-documentation-for-hospital-fire-design\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/axiumglobal.com\\\/test\\\/dev\\\/articles\\\/planning-documentation-for-hospital-fire-design\",\"name\":\"Planning & Documentation for Hospital Fire Design - 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